HIV AIDs Cure Articles on Blockade of Viral Peptide

Health Care Presentation on HIV AIDs prevention method by preventing HIV Virus fusing into Human Cell for medical & Biology Students in word/ .doc/.ppt Format

  BLOCKADE OF VIRAL PEPTIDE HELICES PREVENTS HIV FROM FUSING WITH THE HOST CELL

Penetration of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into human host cells involves not only the CD4 surface molecule, but also other receptors (coreceptors). It is known now that there are three key stages in HIV entry of target cells: attachment of virus envelope protein to CD4; binding of virus envelope protein to a coreceptor; and then fusion of virus and host cell membranes. The beta-chemokine coreceptor CCR5 facilitates the entry in particular of HIV-1 strains that predominantly infect macrophages, while the CXCR4 coreceptor facilitates the entry of HIV strains that predominantly infect T lymphocytes.

HIV Life Cycle - How does HIV Virus Survive in humans

Health Care Presentation Article Review on how does HIV / AIDs live in the environment surface / outside human body with life cycles steps & simple diagram in ppt / word/ doc / pdf format

HIV LIFE CYCLE:/ How does HIV live?

HIV does not survive well outside the human body or in the outside the environment. Therefore, HIV virus does last very long. Through AIDS patient's blood, it contains approximately 10,000 viruses per millimeter. However, laboratory studies have proved that HIV can only survive within one or two seconds. The studies have also shown that drying HIV reduces the amount of virus by nearly 95 percent within several cases.

Why HIV Cannot Be Cured

Health Care Presentation Notes on why AIDs is incurable / very hard to treat due to its virus adoptability in word/ .doc/ .ppt/ .pdf format

VIRAL RESISTANCE: STILL A MAJOR PROBLEM :

Depending on the stage of the disease, between 100 million and 10 billion new viral particles can be produced in an HIV-infected individual each day. This process of multiplication is accompanied by repeated mutations that give rise to strains that can ultimately undermine the long-term efficacy even of drugs that are highly effective initially.

Of the total number of HIV particles present in the body of an infected person at a given time, an average of 107 are still in the provirus stage and about 106 are in the form of infectious viral particles. Each of the latter can give rise to about 102 to 104 new viral particles in an infected host cell, thus giving a total of between 108 and 1010 new viral particles per day, depending on the stage of the disease. However, the viral particles multiply with such a high mutation rate that it is estimated that every position on the viral genome is incorrectly copied once each day. The great genetic variability of the virus results in a broad range of strains, some of which differ from each other in only about 100 of the total of 9500 nucleotides that make up their genome, whereas others differ in more than 1000 nucleotides.

Global Status of HIV / AIDs

Presentation Notes on HIV AIDS Statistics / spread all over the world for Medical Biology students in word/ .doc Format

HIV/AIDS GLOBAL Epidemic:-

In December 2001, approx. 40 million persons worldwide have been infected with HIV and some 24 million have succumbed to severe disease (i.e. AIDS); 90% of the latter are living in developing countries, especially in Asia and Africa. The estimated annual increase worldwide is about 20%, but this varies widely in different geographic locales. For instance, the annual increase is about 11% in the Americans, 26% in Africa, and 167% in Asia, indicating the staggering explosion of the disease in the latter region. This reflects to a great extent the close link between the disease and the economic, social and cultural issues and taboos in each region.

Currently HIV infection is the leading cause of death in US men aged 25-44 years. In some countries, such as the Ivory coast, HIV/AIDS is the leading cause of death; and in Uganda, it causes 80% of death in adults aged 20-39 years.

HIV in Saliva – Transmission Risk through Open Wound and Blood

Dental Health Care Guide on AIDs Infection from Saliva to Blood, Cut, spit & Kissing in word/ .doc Format (CDC)

SALIVA AND HIV TRANSMISSION:

There is only a very slim responsibility that HIV may be transmitted by saliva, for the following reasons.

Only a small minority of HIV infected individuals harbour the virus in whole saliva (e.g. in one study HIV was detected in mixed saliva of 5% of infected individuals and only in one of 15 parotid saliva samples). In any case HIV virions cannot exist in cell free State in saliva, and estimates are that there is less than one infectious particle of HIV per milliliter of mixed saliva.

Saliva contains IgA group antibodies to HIV proteins (p24, gp120, gp160) which may neutralize the infectivity of the virus and are the basis of salivary kits used for HIV testing in epidemiological studies.

HIV Genome Pdf

Presentation Notes of HIV AIDS Genome Size, Structure & Organization in word/ .ppt for Medical & Biology Students 

HIV GENOME

HIV has just nine genes (compared to more than 500 genes in a bacterium, and around 20,000-25,000 in a human). Three of the HIV genes, called gag, pol and env, contain information needed to make structural proteins for new virus particles. The other six genes, known as tat, rev, nef, vif, vpr and vpu, code for proteins that control the ability of HIV to infect a cell, produce new copies of virus, or cause disease.

 

Diagram of the HIV Genome 

HIV Structure – Life Cycle, Genome & Functions in PPT / PDF

Presentation Notes on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cell Structure with Image / Diagram in Word Format

HIV Structure/ MORPHOLOGY OF HIV/ How does HIV look like?

It is around 120 nm in diameter (120 billionths of a meter; around 60 times smaller than a red blood cell) and roughly spherical. HIV consists of a cylindrically shaped nucleoid and the surrounding proteins.  They are both enclosed a lipid, fatty, envelope. The nucleoid is composed of two proteins known as Nucleoid Core Protein (p24) and Matrix Core Protein (p17). Inside the nucleoid are Viral Genomic RNA and the associate enzyme called reverse transcriptase (RT).

Difference Between HIV Type 1 and 2

Notes on HID AIDS Type 1 Vs Type 2 For Medical & Biology Student in Word / .doc Format

Types of HIV

HIV are of 2 types (antigenically related, but genetically different)

HIV-1 and HIV-2

HIV-1 is common type in most parts of the world and HIV-II causes similar disease in West Africa.

What is HIV AIDS – Full Form, Definition, History & Virus Classification

Presentation Notes Essay / Information on HIV AIDS Virus for Medical & Biology in words/ .pdf/. .doc

INTRODUCTION

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Full Form), commonly known by the initialism HIV, formerly known as HTLV-III and lymphadenopathy-associated virus, is a retrovirus that primarily infects vital components of the human immune system such as CD4+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells.

It also directly and indirectly destroys CD4+ T cells. As CD4+ T cells are required for the proper functioning of the immune system, when enough CD4+ T cells have been destroyed by HIV, the immune system functions poorly, leading to the syndrome known as AIDS. HIV also directly attacks organs, such as the kidneys, the heart and the brain leading to acute renal failure, cardiomyopathy, dementia and encephalopathy. Many of the problems faced by people infected with HIV result from failure of the immune system to protect from opportunistic infections and cancers.