Manganese as Mineral – Rich Food Sources, Functions, Deficiency & Daily Requirements for Children, Men & Women

Presentation Notes on Manganese (Mn) Vegetarian & Non Vegetarian Food Sources, Recommended Dietary Allowance, Cobalt deficiency disorders, Role in Human Body with Treatment & Toxicity in word / .doc / .ppt format

Manganese:

The total body content of manganese is about 30 mg.

Daily requirement:

• Adults: 2-5 mg.
• Children: 0.5-2.0 mg.

Sources:

• Cereals,
• Vegetables
• Live
• Kidney
• Muscle
• tea

Functions:

• Acts as a cofactor for enzymes such as arginase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase. Manganese-containing enzymes are hydrolases, kinases, decarboxylases and transferases. It is a cofactor for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase.
• Role in animal reproduction. Deficiency causes sterility in animals and disturbance in citric acid cycle.
• Proteoglycan synthesis. Promotes synthesis and deposition of proteoglycan in many tissues including bones due to glycosyltransferase activity.
• Porphyrin synthesis. Some porphyrins of erythrocytes contain manganese.
• Bone growth and cholesterol synthesis require manganese.

Absorption, transport and excretion:

• Absorbed from gut.
• Miners absorb manganese dust through lungs.
• Transported in combination with b-globulin called transmanganin.
• Stored in liver.
• Little is excreted in urine.
• Excreted mainly through bile and faeces.

Clinical manifestations:

Deficiency results in the following symptoms :

• Defective growth in mammals and birds.
• Respiratory dysfunction.
• Disturbance in lipid metabolism.
• Hypoglycemia, poor bone growth and lactation problems.

Toxicity:

• Miners show encephalitis.
• Impotence, psychosis and extra pyramidal syndrome (EPS) seen.

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